Author Profile

Dr. Joseph Sterling is a distinguished Professor of Pharmaceutical Sciences and formulation expert. With over two decades of international research experience, Dr. Joseph Sterling's work bridges the gap between active molecular therapeutics and safe, patient-centric medicines. His practical approach to preformulation and drug delivery technologies transforms complex science into accessible, real-world applications. Dr. Sterling earned his Ph.D. in Pharmaceutics from the University of London, where he first cultivated his passion for biopharmaceutics and advanced drug delivery. He has since held prestigious academic chairs at leading institutions, currently serving as the Director of the Center for Nanomedicine and Formulation Design.

About The Book

Dosage form design is a critical aspect of pharmaceutical development, encompassing the creation and optimization of drug delivery systems. The abstract highlights key elements of the study, such as the formulation strategies, innovative technologies employed, and the impact on drug bioavailability and patient outcomes. It could also touch upon any challenges faced during the design process and the potential implications for future pharmaceutical advancements. The goal is to provide a concise summary that intrigues readers and encourages them to delve into the details of the study Pharmaceutics: Dosage and Design is a dynamic exploration of how raw active drug ingredients are transformed into safe, effective, and patient-friendly medicines. It bridges the gap between theoretical science and practical therapeutics, teaching readers how to formulate life-saving drugs into solids, liquids, and injectable forms. The book takes you on a fascinating journey from the molecular level to the final medication in the patient's hand. Here is a breakdown of what makes this subject both essential and captivating: The Alchemy of Formulation: Before a medicine can heal, it must be carefully crafted. Formulators act as modern-day alchemists, selecting exactly the right excipients, binders, lubricants, and flavorings to make a drug stable and palatable. This ensures that the active ingredient reaches the right place in the body at the precise speed required. The Art of Delivery Systems: Medication cannot simply be swallowed in its purest chemical form; it requires a specialized vehicle. The book breaks down how different systems serve different clinical purposes: Solid Dosage Forms: Tablets and capsules designed for controlled or sustained release, often utilizing special polymer coatings. Liquid & Semi-Solid Forms: The careful preparation of syrups, suspensions, creams, and ointments that require perfect stability and texture. Sterile Products: Injectables and inhalers where sterility and exact particle sizing are a matter of life and death.

Table of Contents

Preface
1.
PHARMACEUTICAL SOLUTIONS FOR
ORAL ADMINISTRATION...................................................................................1
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Advantages and disadvantages of pharmaceutical
solutions for oral administration
1.3 Drug solubility
1.4 Excipients used in pharmaceutical solutions for oral administration
1.5 Worked example
1.6 Types of pharmaceutical solutions
2.
PHARMACEUTICAL DISPERSE SYSTEMS
(General Principles and the Formulation of
Suspensions for Oral Administration)................................................................22
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Advantages and disadvantages of pharmaceutical suspensions
2.3 The physical stability of pharmaceutical suspensions
2.4 Formulation considerations for orally administered suspension formulations
2.5 Excipients used in the formulation of suspensions for oral administration
3.
PHARMACEUTICAL DISPERSE SYSTEMS
(Emulsions and Creams)....................................................................................39
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Advantages and disadvantages of pharmaceutical emulsions
3.3 Emulsion instability and theories of emulsification
3.4 Formulation of pharmaceutical emulsions
3.5 Excipients used in pharmaceutical emulsions
3.6 Worked example
3.7 Manufacture of emulsions
4.
PHARMACEUTICAL DISPERSE SYSTEMS
(Ointments, Pastes, Lotions, Gels and Related Formulations).............................65
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Advantages and disadvantages of pharmaceutical ointments, pastes, lotions, liniments, collodions and gels
4.3 Pharmaceutical ointments and pastes
4.4 Pharmaceutical lotions, liniments, collodions and paints
4.5 Pharmaceutical gels
5.
PARENTERAL FORMULATIONS........................................................................90
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Routes of parenteral administration
5.3 Advantages and disadvantages of parenteral formulations
5.4 Formulation considerations for parenteral formulations
5.5 Surface-active agents
5.6 Worked examples
6.
OCULAR, NASAL AND OTIC DOSAGE FORMS................................................118
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Advantages and disadvantages of ocular dosage forms
6.3 Administration of therapeutic agents to the eye
6.4 Nasal formulations
6.5 Otic formulations
7.
VAGINAL AND RECTAL DOSAGE FORMS.......................................................138
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Rectal dosage forms
7.3 Worked examples
7.4 Vaginal dosage forms
8.
RESPIRATORY DOSAGE FORMS.....................................................................160
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Advantages and disadvantages of respiratory drug delivery
8.3 Physiology of the respiratory tract
8.4 Factors affecting the deposition of particles/droplets within the respiratory tract
8.5 Mechanisms of particle deposition within the respiratory tract
8.6 Formulation of respiratory dosage forms
9.
SOLID-DOSAGE FORMS 1: TABLETS...............................................................178
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Advantages and disadvantages of tablets as dosage forms
9.3 Manufacture of tablets
9.4 Tablet defects
9.5 Postprocessing effects on tablet properties
9.6 Coating of tablets
10.
SOLID-DOSAGE FORMS 2: CAPSULES............................................................228
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Advantages and disadvantages of capsule formulations
10.3 Materials and manufacture of capsules
10.4 Formulation considerations for hard gelatin capsules
10.5 Soft gelatin capsules
11.
DOSAGE FORM DESIGN: PHARMACEUTICAL AND FORMULATION CONSIDERATIONS..........................................................................................243
11.1 The Need for Dosage Forms
11.2 General Considerations in Dosage Form Design
11.3 Preformulation Studies
11.4 Pharmaceutical Ingredients
and Excipients Definitions and Types
11.5 Harmonization of Standards
11.6 Appearance and Palatability
11.7 Preservatives
Bibliography....................................................................................................303
Index...............................................................................................................313